Diatom Response to Global Warming in Douhu Lake,Southeast China

A large number of lacustrine sedimentary records indicate that global warming is the main factor leading to significant changes in diatom communities in lakes of the northern hemisphere.However,due to the intensification of human activities since 1850,some scholars have emphasized that the increasing lake trophic level may be the main reason for the changes in diatom communities.The debate is ongoing.In order to avoid falling into the complex relationship between diatom changes and the seasonal cycle that characterizes lakes in mid and high latitudes,we chose a lake located at a low latitude,where the relationship between diatoms and temperature is not indirect but direct.The diatom record spans the past ca.100 years and reveals that the abundance of Aulacoseira granulata increased from 1900 until 1985, replacing the previously dominant Aulacoseira ambigua.These changes are in agreement with the increasing trend in global temperature.Since 1985,the percentages of the small-celled Discostella stelligera and the benthic diatom Navicula heimansioides have increased,while Aulacoseira granulata has decreased.This latest shift is caused by further global warming.We conclude that warming is the main factor leading to changing diatom communities in Douhu Lake.     

出租车GPS轨迹下的医疗设施服务半径确定

设施服务半径大小是设施空间布局合理性的重要体现。传统研究大都基于理论的方法,缺少实际数据的验证。本文提出了基于出租车GPS轨迹确定医疗设施服务半径的方法,并以深圳市三级医院为研究对象,验证该方法的有效性。研究表明,深圳市三级医院的访问人群集中在9 km范围内,4 km是比较合理的服务半径。从医疗设施服务范围在各行政区域的空间分布上看,深圳市三级医院布局呈现出较大的不均衡性,然而通过质心分析法综合人口的分布状况研究,其空间分布与人口密度分布相差不远。     

多时相MODIS指数提取东北三省水稻种植面积

为准确提取水稻面积,以东北为研究区域,采用多时相16d合成MODIS增强型植被指数数据和8d合成MODIS地表反射率数据提取水稻种植分布。选取水稻代表样点利用IDL编程提取物候曲线,利用归一化植被指数(NDVI)将水稻与其他明显地类区分,然后建立水稻增强型植被指数(EVI)、地表水体指数(LSWI)之间的相关关系,结合最新2015年土地利用数据提取东北三省2015年水稻种植面积。同时运用运筹学理论建立省级尺度水稻判别条件最优化模型,分析其在空间分布上的差异性和相关性,并将结果与统计年鉴进行对比分析,分析表明MODIS数据适合大区域省级范围水稻面积的提取,精度可达90%以上。由此得出,MODIS数据在省级尺度提取水稻种植面积上有着较大的优势。     

无人机大比例尺地籍测绘精度分析

基于无人机测绘技术,文章进行了无人机地籍测绘及其精度分析。在精度方面,将无人机地籍测绘精度分为明显界址点测绘精度、隐蔽界址点测绘精度与地物点平面位置精度。通过对佛山某地区进行1∶500地籍图测绘,发现明显界址点精度达到二级要求,隐蔽界址点精度达到三级要求,总体上满足三级要求,地物点平面位置精度完全符合精度要求。通过精度稳定性评价,发现明显界址点和地物点精度稳定性达到84%,而隐蔽界址点精度稳定性只有75%,因此无人机地籍测绘存在一定的局限性,它仅适用于包含明显界址点区域的低等级地籍测绘,而不适用于隐蔽界址点较多区域的地籍测绘,目前无人机地籍测绘尚无法独立实施。     

多源异构数据的大规模地理知识图谱构建

虚拟地理环境作为新一代的地理语言,需要通过对多源异构时空数据的分析与挖掘,构建虚拟地理环境知识工程,实现“数据—信息—知识—智慧”的转化,促进智能虚拟地理环境系统中地理知识的快速转换和融合,从而为虚拟地理环境中地理信息的智能化处理、地理知识的智慧化服务提供支撑。知识图谱是人工智能与虚拟地理环境知识工程相结合的桥梁。本文系统评述了知识图谱、地理知识图谱的研究现状,提出了地理知识图谱的构建流程,重点研究了地理知识图谱构建的关键技术,讨论和阐述了地理知识图谱的应用方向。本文的研究将有助于实现地理信息的知识化,提高虚拟地理环境系统的智能化服务水平。     

虚拟地理环境时空建模及其作战计划推演应用

制定科学、合理、完备的作战计划是赢得现代战争的关键,作战计划推演可辅助指挥员查找作战计划潜在的冲突与矛盾、优化作战方案。虚拟地理环境可为作战计划推演提供时空描述机制、环境分析模型和态势可视化环境。本文首先设计了面向作战计划推演的虚拟战场环境空间剖分与编码方法和战场环境时空数据组织模型;然后提出基于推演事件的作战计划表达方法,设计了基于推演事件的作战计划时空冲突检测和动态演播方法;最后在防空作战推演中进行了典型应用,验证了方法的可行性。     

Mineralogical Characteristics of Exsolved Spinel in the Panzhihua V-Ti Magnetite Deposit, Sichuan: Implications for the Mineralization Process

Spinel exsolution is widespread in titanomagnetite from the Fe-Ti oxide gabbro of the Panzhihua intrusion, Emeishan Large Igneous Province, SW China. However, little research has been conducted into the implications of patterns in the mineralogical characteristics of the spinel for spatial variation in the controls on the exsolution mechanism and, hence, the formation process of the ore deposit. This study selected the Lanjiahuoshan Ore Block in the Panzhihua V-Ti magnetite deposit to explore this issue, systematically studying exsolution textures in the titanomagnetite through petrographic observation and the integrated use of in-situ microanalysis. The results show that the exsolved spinel gradually becomes finer-grained and less abundant from the center to edge and the bottom to top of the ore bodies. Compositionally, there is an inverse correlation between the size of exsolved spinel grains and their Mg# value. In addition, there is compositional zonation in the spinel interiors, with a gradual increase in the Mg content and decrease in Fe content from the core to the rim. The analysis suggests that fractional crystallization of ferrotitanium magma with a high oxygen fugacity in a shallow magma chamber caused compositional differences in the primary magnetite solid solution in different parts of the Panzhihua intrusion. Additionally, the thermal evolution of the magnetite solid solution differed in different parts of orebody, bringing about variations in spinel development. Together, these effects resulted in spatial variation in the abundance, grain size, and morphology of spinel in different parts of the orebody and intrusion that follows an identifiable distribution law. Furthermore, the compositional zonation of exsolved spinels reflects the rapid growth of exsolution features in a high-temperature environment. Thus, the size, morphology, abundance, and composition of spinel exsolution features in titanomagnetite provide a valuable petrogenetic tool for estimating the maturity and formational environment of the deposit.     

“入”字形构造对城步周山铅锌矿床的构造控制

城步周山铅锌矿床受控于桃江—城步基底断裂与次生顺层断裂组成的"入"字形组合构造,基底断裂为导矿构造,次级断裂为容矿构造;铅锌矿体产于棋梓桥组岩脆易碎容矿空间大的白云岩段顺层断裂中,为典型的地层+构造联合控矿,呈似层状、透镜状、脉状产出,矿化蚀变主要有白云石化、黄铁矿化和硅化。通过对矿区地质特征、矿化类型、围岩蚀变、控矿因素、形成机理等的综合研究分析,认为该矿床属中低温热液充填型铅锌矿床。     

西藏措勤盆地上侏罗统吐卡日组上下段的厘定及其礁灰岩发现的油气勘探意义

西藏班戈县保吉地区各昌茶玉剖面发现晚侏罗世珊瑚化石约12属16种,分别为Calamophylliopsis?sp.,Clausastraea?sp.,Epistreptophyllum cylindratum Milaschevitsch,Epistreptophyllum sp.,Heliocoenia aff.etalloni Koby,Kobyastraea?sp.,Montlivaltia tenuilamellats Roniewicz,Montlivaltia?sp.,Myriophyllia?sp.,Pseudocoenia hexaphyllia(d’Orbigny),Pseudocoenia?sp.,Rhipidogyra?sp.,Stephanastraea?sp.,Stylina?sp.,Stylina cf.subramosa de Fromentel,Thecosmilia?sp.等。化石指示各昌茶玉剖面上部第42—80层时代为晚侏罗世牛津期—基默里奇期,表明各昌茶玉剖面地层并不属于原划的中二叠统下拉组。本文依据化石及岩性特点将其修订为上侏罗统吐卡日组。根据保吉地区的吐卡日组与上下地层的接触关系及其岩性变化可划分为上下两段地层,各昌茶玉剖面代表吐卡日组下段地层,主要为厚层碳酸盐岩夹少量泥页岩及多层礁灰岩。久朗仓剖面代表吐卡日组上段地层,为一套碳酸盐岩夹大量粗碎屑岩地层。吐卡日组下段在措勤盆地内部、班公湖—怒江缝合带内广泛分布,指示晚侏罗世措勤盆地发育大面积广阔稳定的碳酸盐岩台地,其中生物礁表明晚侏罗世碳酸盐岩台地具有优越的油气生成和储集条件。     

变质地质学和前寒武纪地质研究:前言

正沈其韩院士是我国著名地质学家,为变质岩石学、变质地质学和前寒武纪研究做出了重大贡献。在沈先生96华诞和从事地质工作75年之际,我们出版本专辑,以表达对先生的敬仰之情和感激之意,祝先生身体健康、生活愉快、家庭幸福。变质岩石学和变质地质学构成地球科学的重要组成部分,涉及到地球形成演化各个历史时期(例如,已发现4.0Ga变质锆石,青藏高原出露20～30Ma麻粒岩)。前寒武纪是大